As such, the exclusive focus on the residential environment ( i.e., the “residential trap”) is problematic because it fails to capture the diversity of spatial contexts that one may experience. However, people move through multiple spatial contexts (e.g., travel between home, school, church, work, shopping centers, and socializing locations). Similar to research in general ( i.e., non-sexual minority) populations, existing research on neighborhoods and health among MSM populations suffer from a predominant focus on only one type of neighborhood environment or spatial context ( i.e., the residential neighborhood). Emerging research shows that neighborhoods can play an important role in influencing health and health behaviors (e.g., substance use and condomless sex) among MSM. Moving beyond studies of individual-level factors, a focus on social and spatial contexts may help explain variation in health and health behaviors in MSM populations. This further examination of spatial polygamy (and individual-level characteristics associated with it) may increase understanding of the most appropriate locations for targeted disease prevention and health promotion interventions (e.g., HIV prevention interventions).ĭisparities in health and health behaviors-including substance use, condomless sexual behaviors and HIV outcomes-persist among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) despite decades of behavioral research examining a broad range of individual-level factors. Future research among YMSM populations should consider multiple neighborhood contexts in order to provide a more nuanced understanding of how and which neighborhood contexts influence the health and well-being of YMSM. These findings suggest that spatial polygamy, or an individual moving across and experiencing multiple neighborhood contexts, is prevalent among urban YMSM and that spatial polygamy varies by multiple individual-level characteristics. YMSM who reported residential/socializing/sex borough concordance were more likely to report recent (last 30 days) alcohol use, recent marijuana use, and recently engaging in condomless oral sex (all p < 0.05). For example, White YMSM and YMSM reporting lower perceived socioeconomic status were significantly more likely to report residential/socializing/sex borough concordance ( p weekly) was associated with less residential/social borough concordance ( p < 0.05). Borough concordance varied by some individual-level characteristics. Approximately two-thirds of participants reported concordance between residential/socializing, residential/sex, and sex/socializing boroughs, whereas 25% reported concordance between all three residential/socializing/sex boroughs. Finally, bivariable analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, and health behaviors in relation to borough concordance. Next, concordance between: (1) residential and social boroughs (2) residential and sex boroughs (3) social and sex boroughs and (4) residential, social, and sex boroughs was assessed. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the distribution of boroughs reported across all three contexts, i.e., residential, social, and sex boroughs.
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Participants (N = 598) provided information on their residential, social, and sex boroughs as well as information on their sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, and health behaviors (e.g., substance use and condomless sex).
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These data come from the baseline assessment of Project 18, a cohort of racially and ethnically diverse YMSM residing in the New York City metropolitan area. In this study, we assessed spatial polygamy by determining the amount of concordance between residential, social, and sex neighborhoods (defined as boroughs) in addition to examining individual-level characteristics that may be associated with neighborhood concordance. No studies have examined multiple neighborhood contexts among YMSM or the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, health behaviors, and neighborhood concordance. The few previous studies examining the influence of the neighborhood context on health and health behavior among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YMSM) have predominantly focused on residential neighborhoods.